Cyberspace has become a playground for everyone. Financial institutions, online shopping, e-commerce, e-governance, communication networks and almost all agencies – civil, military and private make continuous use of cyberspace. At the same time spying by certain agencies on daily life of all seems to resurface the fears of George Orwellian’s 1984 classic. While the internet is an essential means for most to conduct their daily lives, the Deep Web, nearly 395 times the size of internet permits untraceable activities to normal and evil doers with similar ease.

The ease and efficiency provided by the cyberspace, alas comes with the risk of cyber criminals threatening its very benefits. It has already provided undreamt reach to terrorists to launch their attacks worldwide. Even Nation States have not shied away from extensive use of cyberspace for unethical purposes. Attribution – an essential precondition to initiate retaliatory measures is extremely difficult in cyberspace. It is like the Wild West with no Sherriff to enforce law and order. How does then One ensure safety in cyber space operations? This Primer is the basic step towards cyberspace security. It offers suggestions at all the levels of cyberspace in simple language minus the jargon.

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